SYLLABUS

ANTHROPOLOGY 105

INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

Fall Semester, 1995                            Dr. Ronald D. Lippi 
9:00-9:50 am MWF                                     office: NH437 
classroom: NH238                         phone: 845-9602, ext. 262
                                    e-mail: rlippi@uwcmail.uwc.edu
office hours:  10:15 - 11:00 am MWF, 10:15 am - 12:00 pm TR
               or by appointment

Course Description and Objectives

This course will introduce you to the very intriguing and exciting field of physical (or biological) anthropology, one of the two major divisions of anthropology. This field along with the other major division, cultural anthropology and its various subfields, make up the discipline of anthropology. Together these divisions present a truly holistic perspective on humans and their societies, a perspective not at all limited in time or place. Cultural anthropology focuses on the behavioral diversity of humans around the world and throughout time in terms of their learned attitudes and customs; it is decidedly a social science. On the other hand, physical anthropology studies humans as organisms and is more allied with the biological sciences. In somewhat simplistic terms, physical anthropology is the study of humans as a part of nature while cultural anthropology is the study of them apart from nature.

This introductory course in physical anthropology is intended to provide you with a foundation for understanding how humans came to be the unusual, domineering, upright-walking, gentle-yet-ferocious, often intelligent animals that we are. To give you an under- standing of humans as organisms, I have chosen to divide the course into six major sectons: evolutionary theory, genetics, human variability, primates, the human fossil record, and human biology.

The specific objectives include the following: 1. to understand the much misunderstood theory of evolution
2. to understand evolution from the perspective of inheritance
3. to understand how and why modern humans don't all look alike
4. to appreciate our place in nature as animals and to see how we differ from related animals
5. to learn where humans came from and how we developed as a species over the past few million years
6. to study human growth, development and disease

The underlying objective of the course may appear simplistic but is decidedly complex: It is to understand what kind of animals we are so that we can know ourselves better.

In the following sections, I have written out in some detail the basic policies of the course so you will get the most out of it with the least amount of anxiety. I am always happy to discuss with you anything related to the course, your performance, your intellectual curiosity, and any special problems you might be having. Please make a point of talking to me occasionally before or after class, in my office or in the Lab.

Assigned Readings

The following two books are required for this course:
     Nelson, Harry and Robert Jurmain
          1994  Introduction to Physical Anthropology (6th ed.).
                St. Paul: West Publishing Co.
     Angeloni, Elvio (editor)
          1995  Annual Editions: Physical Anthropology 1995/96 (4th 
                ed.).  Guilford, CT: Dushkin Publishing Group, Inc.
I'll hand out to you one or more additional readings for the final section of the course, which is not covered in either book.

Grading

The following is the point distribution system to be used in determining your course grade:
          Quiz 1 (Sept. 22)              30 points
          Exam 1 (Oct. 9)               100
          Quiz 2 (Nov. 3)                30
          Exam 2 (Nov. 17)              100
          Quiz 3 (Dec. 4)                30
          Exam 3 (Dec. 19)              100
          Classroom exercises (6 ea.)    30
          Article review                 30
          Discretionary                  20       
                                        470 points
The quizzes consist of 15 multiple-choice questions. They will be taken without notes or books at the beginning of the class period on designated days. Exams will be longer tests that are partly objective and partly subjective (short answers and essays). The exams will be open-notebook tests and the essay may be take-home. Each of the three exams (including the final) will be on one third of the course, although some material necessarily builds on what has been previously covered in the course.

The "discretionary" portion of the grade will be used by me to adjust grades upward or downward depending, respectively, on your positive contribution to the class of lack of involvement (whether through poor attendance or otherwise). If you show marked improve- ment during the semester, you will get a boost through these points. Everyone begins the semester with 10 of the 20 points and your final discretionary score may go up or down from there. There will be no extra credit; please don't ask.

For converting numerical scores into letter grades, I use a "curved percentage system." By this I mean that I try to adhere to percentages when grading, but when scores are unexpectedly high or low due to student performance or the difficulty of the test, I adjust letter grades downward or upward somewhat. In other words, I use a percentage system as a general guide but also take into account the distribution ("curve") of scores. The percentage system is the following:

                    100-point exam      30-point quiz
               A       100 - 90            30 - 27
               B        89 - 78            26 - 23
               C        77 - 62            22 - 18
               D        61 - 50            17 - 15
               F        49 -  0            14 -  0

Policy for Missing Tests or Assignments

I have some hard and fast rules regarding make-ups in this course. They might seem a little stringent or unfair, but I really believe they are very fair. What I recognize is that you may occasionally have a legitimate reason for missing a test but that some students often try to postpone tests or assignments they aren't ready for. I want to give students with a good excuse a chance to continue in the course, but I don't want to allow students who are slackers to try to weasel by and have an unfair advantage over the more diligent students. So here are my rules, which I ask you to be familiar with:

1. If you cannot take a quiz or exam or turn in an assignment at the scheduled time because of a severe illness, injury or family emergency, you will be allowed to make-up the work or assignment if you notify me by telephone, e-mail, or in person or leave a message with the UWMC receptionist prior to the scheduled time and if your excuse is deemed acceptable.

2. An acceptable excuse is a signed statement from a physician or written proof of a personal or family crisis (such as an obituary for a death in the family, a police report, a car towing invoice, etc.). I cannot, in fairness to students who are present for tests and assignments, take anyone's word for an excuse; you must present proof. If you are ill but do not require medical attention, then you are expected to take your test or turn in your assignment at the scheduled time.

3. An emergency can occur on your way to class (car breakdown or accident) making advance notification impossible. In that case you must notify me as soon as possible and subsequently provide written proof of the mishap.

4. In case of a snowstorm or natural disaster which makes travel to campus very dangerous, students who are out of town will be pardoned on an individual basis. If the campus is officially closed because of bad weather (that almost never happens) or for any other reason, no call-ins are necessary.

5. No make-ups will be given to students who are out of town on personal business or vacation. Acceptable excuses for leaving town are the following: registering at a 4-year campus, partici- pating in an official UWMC event (ex., soccer game, field trip), national guard or reserve duty, or a funeral of a close relative or friend.

6. You must make arrangements with me as soon as possible to take a make-up, preferably before the regularly scheduled time. This is your responsibility, not mine. If you wait more than a day after you return to campus, I may deny you a make-up.

Attendance Policy

You will be graded on attendance to the extent that poor attendance will lower your discretionary score. In my many years of teaching, I have never had a student with poor attendance do well enough to pass the course, which suggests that attending class must be worthwhile. If you are not present and alert in class most of the time, then you are wasting money and time. Any problems that you have with the course, including attendance, should be discussed with me as early as possible. You are solely responsible for information from missed classes. Don't ask me for notes. Videos and other teaching aids normally are not available outside of class. In other words, if you miss class, you are at a disadvantage and will have to work it out with your classmates. It is to your advantage to cultivate friendship with some classmates to have study mates and to get notes you may miss.

The Anthropology Laboratory

Adjacent to your classroom is the Anthropology Lab, which you are welcome to use any time during the day when no class is meeting there. Some classroom materials (including all the skulls) are on permanent display there and there are additional books and computer software to help you with the course. The computers contain tutorial programs on evolution and genetics and a test bank of sample test questions from the Jurmain and Nelson textbook. You are encouraged to meet in the Lab with your classmates to study together. Make yourself at home in the Lab, but please keep it neat and clean. It's for your use as long as it is in relation to an anthropology or psychology course.

Course Outline and Schedule

 Date         Topics/Tests                       Assigned Readings 

 9/06      INTRODUCTION                         N&J ch 1
 9/08      EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
              Evolution and Its Emergence       N&J ch 4 (to p 90);
 9/11         Emergence of Evolutionism/        
              Natural Selection Theory
 9/13         Natural Selection Theory          AE #6
 9/15         Science and Theories              AE #1
 9/18         Evolutionism vs. Creationism      AE #2-3
 9/20         evolution review
 9/22      QUIZ 1               [N&J ch 1, 4 (to p 90); AE #1-3,6]
          GENETICS 
              DNA and Cells                     N&J ch 2; AE #37
 9/25         Cell Division and Gene Theory     AE #36      
 9/27         Mendelian Genetics                N&J ch 3
 9/29         The Synthetic Theory              N&J ch 4 (p 90+)
10/02         Population Genetics               N&J ch 5 (p 123+)
10/04         Population Genetics, Blood
                 Systems                        
10/06         genetics review
10/09      EXAM 1 [N&J ch 1-5,not pp 109-122; AE #1-3,6,36-37]   
10/11     HUMAN VARIABILITY
              Adaptations                       N&J ch 6
10/13         Adaptations                       AE #4
10/16         The Concept of Race               N&J ch 5 (pp 109-
                                                  123); AE #7
10/18         Race and Intelligence
10/20         variability review
10/23     PRIMATES
              Living Primates                   N&J ch 8; AE #8-10
10/25         Living Primates                   AE #11-13
10/27         Primate Behavior                  N&J ch 9; AE #14-15
10/30         Primate Behavior                  AE #16-17
11/01         Models for Early Human            N&J ch 10
                 Behavior                       AE #18
11/03      QUIZ 2 [N&J ch 5 (pp 109-123), 6, 8-10; AE #4,7-18]   
          THE FOSSIL RECORD
               Primate Evolution                N&J ch 11
11/06          Primate Evolution                AE #20-21
11/08          Paleoanthropology                N&J ch 12; AE #19
11/10          Plio-Pleistocene Hominids        N&J ch 13; AE #24
11/13          Plio-Pleistocene Hominids        AE #22, 26
11/15          Plio-Pleistocene Hominids        N&J ch 14
11/17      EXAM 2 [N&J ch 5 (109-123),6, 8-13; AE #4,7-22,24]
11/20          Plio-Pleistocene Hominids        N&J ch 14; AE
                                                  #25-27
11/22          Homo erectus                     N&J ch 15; AE #23
11/27          Homo erectus                     AE #28
11/29          Archaic Homo sapiens             N&J ch 16
12/01          Archaic Homo sapiens             AE #29
12/04      QUIZ 3 [N&J ch 14-16; AE pp 162-3, #23,25-29]
               Homo sapiens sapiens             N&J ch 17; AE #30-
                                                  31
12/06          Homo sapiens sapiens             AE #32-33
12/08     HUMAN BIOLOGY
               Human Growth and Development     (to be handed out)
12/11          Health and Disease               (to be handed out);
                                                AE #5
12/13          Health and Disease               AE #41
12/15          Forensic Anthropology            AE #35
12/18     CONCLUSION
               The Future of Human Evolution    
12/19      EXAM 3 (FINAL EXAM)  [N&J ch 14-17; AE #5,30-33,35,41;
               and assigned article] 3:30-5:30 pm